From: Measurements of the acid-binding capacity of ingredients used in pig diets
Ingredient | N1 | pH2 | ABC-43 | ABC-34 | BUF-45 | BUF-36 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Milk | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Acid casein | 1 | 3.9 | 0 | 200 | 0 | 222 |
Sows milk | 2 | 8.1 ± 0.04 | 481 ± 1.0 | 650 ± 70.7 | 118 ± 0.8 | 128 ± 14.8 |
Whey powder | 9 | 6.6 ± 0.31 | 434 ± 99.9 | 714 ± 149.3 | 168 ± 36.5 | 199 ± 39.9 |
Milk replacer | 4 | 6.7 ± 0.22 | 579 ± 54.6 | 892 ± 97.8 | 214 ± 38.1 | 240 ± 40.6 |
Skim milk | 3 | 7.1 ± 0.20 | 756 ± 59.6 | 1105 ± 108.7 | 242 ± 29.4 | 268 ± 35.4 |
Rennet casein | 3 | 8.1 ± 0.06 | 1423 ± 35.5 | 1929 ± 76.9 | 348 ± 4.0 | 379 ± 11.1 |
Cereals | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Oat flakes | 1 | 6.7 | 72 | 180 | 27 | 49 |
Wheat | 12 | 6.9 ± 0.12 | 108 ± 14.9 | 194 ± 15.8 | 37 ± 5.0 | 50 ± 3.7 |
Pin head oats | 1 | 5.5 | 81 | 239 | 56 | 97 |
Barley screenings | 1 | 6.7 | 104 | 240 | 39 | 65 |
Maize starch | 6 | 7.0 ± 0.78 | 91 ± 45.6 | 202 ± 58.5 | 29 ± 11.4 | 51 ± 13.5 |
Maize | 8 | 6.7 ± 0.24 | 111 ± 35.8 | 254 ± 53.1 | 41 ± 10.6 | 68 ± 11.1 |
Barley | 14 | 6.6 ± 0.18 | 113 ± 14.3 | 266 ± 43.1 | 43 ± 3.6 | 73 ± 10.5 |
Flaked maize | 1 | 7.6 | 240 | 424 | 67 | 92 |
Corn distillers | 8 | 4.4 ± 0.17 | 96 ± 38.6 | 438 ± 42.9 | 262 ± 75.4 | 317 ± 56.3 |
Pollard | 12 | 6.9 ± 0.29 | 292 ± 20.6 | 572 ± 24.0 | 100 ± 12.1 | 146 ± 14.7 |
Root and pulp products | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Sugar | 2 | 5.8 ± 0.06 | 23 ± 8.4 | 98 ± 11.8 | 13 ± 5.2 | 36 ± 3.5 |
Cassava | 1 | 5.5 | 167 | 393 | 110 | 156 |
Beet pulp | 1 | 6.0 | 191 | 480 | 98 | 163 |
Molasses | 10 | 6.1 ± 0.08 | 399 ± 37.6 | 790 ± 45.5 | 190 ± 19.1 | 255 ± 16.9 |
Citrus pulp | 13 | 6.8 ± 0.08 | 373 ± 25.4 | 873 ± 49.9 | 135 ± 8.1 | 232 ± 12.2 |
Vegetable protein | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Milo distillers | 1 | 4.1 | 14 | 276 | 174 | 256 |
Beans | 1 | 6.8 | 275 | 473 | 98 | 125 |
Palm kernal | 9 | 5.9 ± 0.10 | 250 ± 38.2 | 485 ± 51.5 | 132 ± 23.2 | 167 ± 20.2 |
Peas | 10 | 6.8 ± 0.11 | 278 ± 24.0 | 515 ± 43.1 | 98 ± 9.8 | 134 ± 12.7 |
Lupins | 1 | 6.2 | 337 | 645 | 156 | 204 |
Maize gluten | 15 | 4.4 ± 0.07 | 114 ± 19.7 | 571 ± 79.4 | 334 ± 73.1 | 424 ± 71.4 |
Full fat soya | 10 | 6.9 ± 0.28 | 480 ± 43.5 | 823 ± 62.2 | 166 ± 13.9 | 212 ± 16.8 |
Sunflower meal | 11 | 6.7 ± 0.19 | 482 ± 52.7 | 852 ± 91.4 | 180 ± 14.7 | 231 ± 16.4 |
Sycomil | 1 | 7.5 | 622 | 959 | 180 | 216 |
Rapeseed meal | 12 | 6.3 ± 0.11 | 498 ± 49.3 | 945 ± 65.2 | 215 ± 20.5 | 284 ± 21.2 |
Soybean meal | 12 | 7.1 ± 0.06 | 642 ± 51.1 | 1068 ± 74.0 | 210 ± 18.0 | 263 ± 20.2 |
Meat and fishmeal | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Meat and bone meal | 1 | 6.6 | 595 | 920 | 214 | 243 |
Fishmeal | 10 | 6.7 ± 0.37 | 738 ± 219.3 | 1457 ± 334.5 | 285 ± 96.8 | 404 ± 105.9 |
Fat | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Fat | 1 | 4.9 | 16 | 137 | 17 | 72 |
Fat blend | 1 | 6.6 | 363 | 609 | 138 | 168 |
Medication | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Spiratet | 1 | 5.6 | 114 | 340 | 73 | 133 |
Choline chloride | 12 | 6.7 ± 0.52 | 101 ± 68.6 | 226 ± 136.0 | 37 ± 23.5 | 61 ± 35.8 |
Tylamix | 1 | 7.0 | 370 | 610 | 123 | 152 |
Microbial protein | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Yeast | 1 | 3.4 | 150 | 130 | -250 | 325 |
Amino acids | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Lysine | 11 | 6.5 ± 0.38 | 123 ± 23.3 | 695 ± 124.3 | 50 ± 6.0 | 200 ± 22.5 |
Tryptophan | 8 | 7.0 ± 0.23 | 179 ± 17.1 | 1024 ± 90.8 | 60 ± 4.6 | 258 ± 25.4 |
Methionine | 9 | 6.5 ± 0.34 | 192 ± 75.9 | 1219 ± 267.0 | 77 ± 23.0 | 349 ± 52.5 |
Threonine | 11 | 6.5 ± 0.22 | 218 ± 57.6 | 1386 ± 354.2 | 86 ± 17.2 | 391 ± 83.4 |
Minerals | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Ferrous sulphate | 3 | 3.2 ± 0.09 | -655 ± 18.1 | 93 ± 53.2 | -821 ± 77.3 | 456 ± 96.2 |
Salt | 6 | 7.5 ± 0.18 | 83 ± 21.5 | 162 ± 37.5 | 24 ± 6.8 | 36 ± 9.1 |
Copper sulphate | 3 | 5.1 ± 0.06 | 92 ± 3.3 | 269 ± 9.2 | 80 ± 7.1 | 125 ± 0.6 |
Cobalt sulphate | 3 | 7.4 ± 0.04 | 329 ± 6.5 | 516 ± 9.7 | 97 ± 3.0 | 117 ± 1.5 |
Monammonium phosphate | 3 | 4.2 ± 0.05 | 46 ± 10.5 | 815 ± 40.1 | 247 ± 13.2 | 687 ± 33.8 |
Ferrous oxide | 3 | 8.7 ± 0.16 | 549 ± 78.5 | 986 ± 78.6 | 117 ± 15.8 | 173 ± 12.5 |
Mould curb | 1 | 5.3 | 2517 | 3460 | 2014 | 1538 |
Finisher minerals and vitamins | 3 | 5.2 ± 0.04 | 3357 ± 305.5 | 5123 ± 303.9 | 2772 ± 194.7 | 2317 ± 104.8 |
Weaner minerals and vitamins | 3 | 5.2 ± 0.03 | 4292 ± 1008.9 | 6302 ± 1054.0 | 3472 ± 765.1 | 2819 ± 448.8 |
Dicalcium phosphate | 5 | 7.6 ± 0.19 | 3098 ± 1028.5 | 5666 ± 1852.4 | 857 ± 293.7 | 1234 ± 431.2 |
Sow minerals and vitamins | 3 | 5.3 ± 0.05 | 5413 ± 216.4 | 7503 ± 132.3 | 4182 ± 300.5 | 3268 ± 117.1 |
Potassium citrate | 3 | 8.6 ± 0.07 | 5703 ± 1.6 | 7851 ± 13.6 | 1251 ± 19.0 | 1412 ± 19.1 |
Mono dicalcium phosphate | 9 | 4.4 ± 0.26 | 291 ± 159.5 | 5494 ± 2574.3 | 1302 ± 980.8 | 4400 ± 2564.3 |
Sodium citrate | 3 | 8.4 ± 0.19 | 6334 ± 13.6 | 8745 ± 20.5 | 1449 ± 66.9 | 1628 ± 58.6 |
Defluorinated phosphate | 3 | 9.9 ± 0.09 | 6412 ± 1032.9 | 10436 ± 337.5 | 1085 ± 161.0 | 1511 ± 28.9 |
Calcium formate | 3 | 7.4 ± 0.15 | 3983 ± 97.9 | 12069 ± 409.7 | 1182 ± 29.6 | 2760 ± 18.3 |
Manganese oxide | 3 | 8.8 ± 0.07 | 6678 ± 1045.7 | 10887 ± 2264.6 | 1400 ± 210.9 | 1887 ± 381.9 |
Sodium bicarbonate | 3 | 8.7 ± 0.44 | 12566 ± 554.1 | 12870 ± 399.1 | 2706 ± 147.4 | 2280 ± 110.3 |
Limestone flour | 13 | 8.9 ± 0.46 | 12932 ± 21883 | 15044 ± 2125.4 | 2661 ± 479.8 | 2565 ± 380.6 |
Zinc oxide | 3 | 8.3 ± 0.19 | 16321 ± 11701 | 17908 ± 1100.9 | 3768 ± 193.0 | 3363 ± 238.0 |
Acid | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Orthophosphoric acid | 3 | 1.6 ± 0.02 | -8858 ± 168.2 | -7957 ± 204.5 | -3665 ± 54.5 | -5616 ± 97.4 |
Fumaric acid | 3 | 2.3 ± 0.06 | -10862 ± 469.6 | -4093 ± 669.7 | -6314 ± 54.6 | -5659 ± 478.7 |
Formic acid | 3 | 2.3 ± 0.03 | -13550 ± 765.0 | -3473 ± 110.3 | -7824 ± 572.9 | -4745 ± 344.7 |
Citric acid | 5 | 2.2 ± 0.03 | -5605 ± 202.2 | -2349 ± 164.3 | -3156 ± 89.9 | -3024 ± 97.5 |
Ascorbic acid | 3 | 2.8 ± 0.03 | -217 ± 28.6 | -2249 ± 77.0 | -177 ± 19.4 | -10159 ± 1048.2 |
Malic acid | 3 | 2.2 ± 0.15 | -7214 ± 694.6 | -2550 ± 769.0 | -4084 ± 575.8 | -3242 ± 333.0 |
Lactic acid | 3 | 2.4 ± 0.02 | -5079 ± 53.9 | -1498 ± 23.7 | -3129 ± 63.0 | -2405 ± 111.3 |
Acetic acid | 3 | 2.9 ± 0.02 | -2283 ± 104.1 | -141 ± 24.9 | -2011 ± 133.1 | -1031 ± 33.6 |
Propionic acid | 3 | 3.0 ± 0.01 | -1358 ± 276.5 | -5 ± 8.2 | -1348 ± 259.6 | -238 ± 412.4 |
Sorbic acid | 1 | 3.5 | -220 | 120 | -400 | 267 |