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Table 3 Details of the intra-operative arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis of an 8 week-old calf with bladder rupture performed 5, 120 and 180 min after starting the adrenaline infusion, ABG 1, ABG 2 and ABG 3 respectively. Reference intervals were taken from Dillane et al. [24]

From: Use of adrenaline continuous infusion to treat hypotension during general anaesthesia in a cow and a calf

Variables

Reference interval

ABG 1

ABG 2

ABG 3

pH

7.37–7.47

7.39

7.30

7.18

PaO2(kPa)

13.33–66.67

48.60

35.69

35.88

PaCO2(kPa)

5.77–7.82

5.63

6.09

6.76

Bicarbonate (mmol/L)

28.0–36.9

25.0

21.9

18.6

Base excess (mmol/L)

+  2.6 to + 10.8

+  0.1

−4.2

−9.1

Lactate (mmol/L)

0.42–0.75

2.76

5.69

8.78

Sodium (mmol/L)

133.3–140.2

131.7

134.1

134.1

Potassium (mmol/L)

4.13–5.41

6.90

5.08

4.63

Ionized calcium (mmol/L)

1.17–1.37

1.05

1.12

1.2

Chloride (mmol/L)

93–101

99

99

101

Glucose (mmol/L)

3.9–8.4

3.5

6.6

5.6

  1. Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2)