Table 2 The median cow track and verge widths across 99 spring-calving, pasture-based farms. Measurements were taken fifty metres from the collecting yard on all cow tracks, and at the estimated half-way point between the collecting yard and pasture and the end-point of the cow track that was in use on the day of the grazing visit. The average gradient for the cow track in use and the gradient of the steepest slope within the first fifty metres are also reported

From: Lameness prevalence and management practices on Irish pasture-based dairy farms