Table 4 Summary of some potential phages cocktails for treating S. aureus associated mastitis cases

SAML-4

SAML-12

SAML-150

SAML-4229

SATA-8505

Commercial (StaphLyse™)

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)

MRSA, MSSA, and VISA

The Phage reduced 92.7% and 100% of S.aureus at a titter of 2 × 10⁴ PFU/mL and 1 × 10⁹ PFU/mL respectively

The phase was stable at 37 °C for 24 h and one week at 4 °C

[93]

Romulus

Remus

ISP

Sewage water

S. aureus

MRSA, MSSA

The phage has showed bactericidal activity toward S. aureus in vitro

The three-phage reduced 50% of larvae survival rate at 4 days after infected with

a methicillin-sensitive S. aureus in vivo

Partial recovery of the mouse mastitis was recorded in days after infected and treated with ISP phage in vivo

[94]

Phage ATCC 23361

BP39

Commercial (Phage Lux)

S. aureus

MDR

The phage cocktail was examined in raw milk and in TSB broth with the addition of IgG as a potential suppression of phage activity after 4 h of bacterial multiplication

The phage had significantly reduced CFU of S. aureus in both in raw milk and in TSB, with no significant impact with adding IgG to the culture

[96]

The Phage cocktail

Phage sources

Bacteria spp

Bacteria resistance

Therapeutic efficacy

References

S. aureus phage 4086–1,4086–2, 4086–3, 4086–4, and 4086–6,

Milk samples from mastitis cows

S. aureus 4086

S. aureus ATCC 43,300 Staphylococcus xylosus 17

Micrococcus luteus 26,003

Staphylococcus saparophytics 17 Staphylococcus saparophytics E4 Staphylococcus saparophytics X4 Staphylococcus haemolyticus 13

MDR

The survival rate of S. aureus was inhibited after treating by phage 4086–1

The phage has anti-inflammatory effect by decreasing the concentration of

TNF-α and IL-6

[92]

vB_EcoM_SYGD1 (SYGD1),

vB_EcoP_SYGE1 (SYGE1), vB_EcoM_SYGMH1 (SYGMH1),

Sewage samples collected from dairy farms

E. coli

MDR

The three phages showed bactericidal activity against E. coli

Reduced the somatic cells and inflammatory cells was recorded after treated with phages

The phages were stable under different temperature and pH

[91]

vBSM-A1

and vBSP-A2

Sewage samples collected from dairy farms

S. aureus

Both phages have lytic activities against tested bacteria

A significant recovery was reported in mice induced mastitis, and reduced bacteria count after treated with these phage’s in vivo

[95]