Articles

Investigation of bovine abortion and stillbirth/perinatal mortality - similar diagnostic challenges, different approaches

This pracademic paper reviews current bovine foetopathy (abortion and stillbirth) case definitions, reporting and triage, and causes and time-of-death and proposes veterinary practitioner-focused investigative...

Authors: John F. Mee

Triple nostrils in a calf

Nasal abnormalities are rare in bovines. In humans, nasal deformities are mainly classified as proboscis lateralis or supernumerary nostrils. This report discusses the etiology of triple nostrils in a calf, ba...

Authors: Takeshi Tsuka, Ai Saito, Yoshiharu Okamoto, Yuji Sunden, Takehito Morita, Ryo Nishimura, Yusuke Murahata, Kazuo Azuma, Masamichi Yamashita, Tomohiro Osaki, Norihiko Ito and Tomohiro Imagawa

Johne’s disease in Irish dairy herds: considerations for an effective national control programme

The Irish dairy industry has established a reputation for the production of safe and healthy dairy products and is seeking to further expand its export market for high value dairy products. To support its repu...

Authors: A. G. Jordan, L. R. Citer, C. G. McAloon, D. A. Graham, E. S. G. Sergeant and S. J. More

Changes of plasma fibronectin and fibronectin-fibrin complexes in dams of stillborn dairy calves

Fibronectin (FN) is a large (450–500 kDa), multidomain and multifunctional glycoprotein existing in mammalian tissues. Some fibronectin (FN) molecular forms might be involved in biological processes occurring ...

Authors: Paulina Jawor, Dorota Krzyżanowska-Gołąb, Joanna Bajzert, Tadeusz Stefaniak and Iwona Kątnik-Prastowska

Flock health survey of Irish Texel society breeders and larynx examination in Texel sheep

Laryngeal chondritis is a disease of undetermined aetiology, characterised by oedema, ulceration, abscessation and necrosis of the laryngeal mucosa and cartilage. The initial aim of the study was to document f...

Authors: Aideen Kennedy, Séamus Fagan, Colm Brady, John Fagan, Eamon Wall, Seamus Hoey, Emma Tobin, Mícheál Casey and Maresa Sheehan

Doppler evaluation of maternal vessels in normal gestation and threatened abortion in canines

Ultrasonographic monitoring of the pregnant bitch is an established routine in many veterinary clinics. In order to better assess foetal health and avoid pregnancy losses, Doppler ultrasonographic evaluation o...

Authors: Sandeep Mahadeo Gaikwad, Sarita Ulhas Gulavane, Umesh Balkrishna Kumbhar, Raju Ramrao Shelar, Ravindra Jayram Chaudhari and Ruth Ann Ribeiro

Epidemiological study on calf diarrhea and coccidiosis in dairy farms in Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia

A longitudinal prospective study was conducted from October 2017 to April 2018 on calf diarrhea and coccidiosis in dairy farms in Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia with the objectives of determining the incidence...

Authors: Habtamu Tamrat, Negesse Mekonnen, Yeshwas Ferede, Rudi Cassini and Negus Belayneh

Use of adrenaline continuous infusion to treat hypotension during general anaesthesia in a cow and a calf

Hypotension is one of the most common complications observed during inhalation anaesthesia in veterinary patients. Treatment of hypotension in cattle is more challenging than in other species, owing to the lim...

Authors: Laura Gómez Fernández, María Chie Niimura del Barrio and Claire Loughran

Anthelmintic resistance among gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle on dairy calf to beef farms in Ireland

The control of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of cattle in pasture-based production systems such as Ireland is highly dependent on the availability of efficacious anthelmintics. There is very little informat...

Authors: Anne C. Kelleher, Barbara Good, Theo de Waal and Orla M. Keane

Current antimicrobial use in farm animals in the Republic of Ireland

Antimicrobial resistance has been recognised as one of the most difficult challenges facing human and animal health in recent decades. The surveillance of antimicrobial use in animal health plays a major role ...

Authors: Hannah Martin, Edgar Garcia Manzanilla, Simon J. More, Lorcan O’Neill, Lisa Bradford, Catherine I. Carty, Áine B. Collins and Conor G. McAloon

Competence perceptions of veterinary nursing students and registered veterinary nurses in Ireland: a mixed methods explanatory study

Veterinary regulators require veterinary nursing students to demonstrate clinical competence prior to registration and practice as a veterinary nurse. However, in common with other medical professions, there i...

Authors: Karen Dunne, Bernadette Brereton, Vivienne Duggan and Deirdre P. Campion

Combination of intramuscular alfaxalone, butorphanol, and midazolam as a novel immobilization protocol in 3 ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta)

There is very little data on the optimal anaesthetic management of ring-tailed lemurs, and the available information is mostly based on extrapolation from other species. In addition, a thorough pre-anaesthetic...

Authors: Kyratsoula Pentsou and Vilhelmiina Huuskonen

Evaluation of oxidant/antioxidant status, metabolic profile and milk production in cows with metritis

The aim of the study was to evaluate oxidant/antioxidant status in 21 Holstein dairy cows with metritis compared to 8 healthy controls. Blood samples were taken during the first 21 days postpartum. Malondialde...

Authors: Karolína Mikulková, Romana Kadek, Jaroslav Filípek and Josef Illek

Use of autologous fascia lata graft to repair a complex corneal ulcer in a mare

Application of an autogenous fascia lata graft in the treatment of keratomalacia in the horse has not been reported. The present case describes the use of an autologous fascia lata graft to surgically treat a ...

Authors: Marcos Lores, Peter Rakestraw, Mieke De Rijck and Thomas Yarbrough

Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence in pets in the Netherlands and the permissiveness of canine liver cells to the infection

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) as an emerging zoonotic pathogen causes a major public health issue. Transmission from domestic, wildlife and zoo animals to human has been widely reported. Whether pets also serve as r...

Authors: Yunlong Li, Changbo Qu, Bart Spee, Ruyi Zhang, Louis C. Penning, Robert A. de Man, Maikel P. Peppelenbosch, Hille Fieten and Qiuwei Pan

Spontaneous hemispheric ventricular collapse and subarachnoid haemorrhages in a dog with congenital hydrocephalus internus

Overdrainage and collapse of the hemispheres is a potential severe complication after surgical treatment of internal hydrocephalus using ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Here we describe a case of a spontaneous he...

Authors: Agnieszka Olszewska, Daniela Farke and Martin Jürgen Schmidt

Impacts of drainage beds covered with sand and wood shavings on the comfort behaviour of dairy buffalo in a temperate climate

Comfortable beds play an important role in increasing the ruminant and milk production efficiency of dairy buffalo. In loose housing systems, cow lying comfort depends on both the bedding materials and bed base.

Authors: Lin Li, Ping Liu, Lulu Guo, Fulan Zhang, Jinhui Pu, Huaming Mao and Zhaobing Gu

A pilot study using environmental screening to determine the prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Irish cattle herds

Dairy and beef cattle can be reservoirs of many pathogens, including Salmonella and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), the causative agent of Johne’s disease (JD). Farm environments may provide po...

Authors: Elvira Ramovic, Gillian Madigan, Shannon McDonnell, Denise Griffin, Elaine Bracken, Eadaoin NiGhallchoir, Emma Quinless, Aoife Galligan, John Egan and Deirdre M. Prendergast

European perspectives on efforts to reduce antimicrobial usage in food animal production

New regulations on veterinary medicines and medicated feed will substantially influence antimicrobial prescribing and usage throughout Europe into the future. These regulations have been informed by a very lar...

Authors: Simon J. More

Using examination performance data and focus groups to inform teaching – a case study from final year students of veterinary medicine

Student feedback has played an important role in the maintenance of quality and standards in higher education. Perhaps the most commonly used method to capture feedback is a series of questions or statements w...

Authors: Conor G. McAloon, Emmet Kelly, Sue Rackard, Catherine McAloon, Marijke Beltman, Luke O’Grady, Lorenzo Viora, Mark Crowe, Michael L. Doherty and Eoin G. Ryan

Aminorex identified in horse urine following consumption of Barbarea vulgaris; a preliminary report

Aminorex, (RS)-5- Phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-amine, is an amphetamine-like anorectic and in the United States a Drug Enforcement Administration [DEA] Schedule 1 controlled substance. Aminorex in horse uri...

Authors: George Maylin, Clara Fenger, Jacob Machin, Sucheta Kudrimoti, Rodney Eisenberg, Jonathan Green and Thomas Tobin

Heart to spine measurements to detect left atrial enlargement in dogs with mitral insufficiency

Radiography is useful to determine left atrial (LA) size when echocardiography is not available. Recently, the authors have described Radiographic Left Atrial Dimension (RLAD) as a new radiographic measurement...

Authors: Xavier Sánchez Salguero, David Prandi, Francisco Llabrés-Díaz, Edgar G. Manzanilla, Llorenç Badiella and Claudio Bussadori

Canine cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy in the Republic of Ireland: a description of three cases

Cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy (CRGV) is a condition of unknown aetiology involving microvascular thrombosis. It has recently been described in over 160 dogs in the United Kingdom and usually has ...

Authors: Aimee Hope, Carlos Martinez, Joseph P. Cassidy, Barbara Gallagher and Carmel T. Mooney

MRI signal changes and their association with intervertebral disc disease in canine vertebral endplates

This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between intervertebral endplate changes and intervertebral disc disease. This study was designed as a cross-sectional, observational study. Two hundred t...

Authors: Emma Deards, Dylan N. Clements and Tobias Schwarz

Seroprevalence of influenza D virus in selected sample groups of Irish cattle, sheep and pigs

Influenza D virus (IDV) is a new member of the Orthomyxoviridae family. It was first reported in swine in 2011 and isolated from bovine samples received for routine respiratory disease diagnosis in Ireland dur...

Authors: Tom O’Donovan, Leah Donohoe, Mariette F. Ducatez, Gilles Meyer and Eoin Ryan

Blood lactate, pH, base excess and pCO₂ as prognostic indicators in caesarean-born kids from goats with pregnancy toxaemia

The objective of this study was to identify the prognostic value for survival of blood parameters in the immediate post-caesarean surgery period in kids born from pregnancy toxaemia (PT) goats. This study invo...

Authors: I. M. Andrade, P. B. A. Simões, L. P. Lamas, N. Carolino and M. S. Lima

Schmallenberg virus: a systematic international literature review (2011-2019) from an Irish perspective

In Autumn 2011, nonspecific clinical signs of pyrexia, diarrhoea, and drop in milk yield were observed in dairy cattle near the German town of Schmallenberg at the Dutch/German border. Targeted veterinary diag...

Authors: Áine B. Collins, Michael L. Doherty, Damien J. Barrett and John F. Mee

Detection of antibodies against hepatitis E virus in pet veterinarians and pet dogs in South Korea

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen commonly considered an important foodborne virus. Pet dogs are important reservoirs of zoonotic agents. In the present study, the seroprevalence of HEV in pet dog...

Authors: Kwang-Soo Lyoo, Soo-Jin Yang, Woonsung Na and Daesub Song

Identification and epidemiological analysis of Perostrongylus falciformis infestation in Irish badgers

The lungworm, Perostrongylus falciformis (fomerly known as Aelurostrongylus falciformis) has been identified in badgers (Meles meles) in Britain, the Russian Federation, Italy, Norway, Poland, Ukraine, Bosnia Her...

Authors: Jennifer OC. Byrne, Andrew W. Byrne, Annetta Zintl, Karolina Jankowska, Emmanuel Coulange, Theo de Waal, Grainne McCarthy, James O’Keeffe, Inger S. Hamnes and Ursula Fogarty

Comparison of T1wFLAIR and T1wTSE sequences in imaging the brain of small animals using high-field MRI

T1w turbo spin echo (TSE) represents a fundamental sequence in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols investigating the brain. Recent human literature has reported T1w Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery’s...

Authors: Chiara Bergamino, Séamus Hoey, Kenneth Waller and Cliona Skelly

Tamoxifen in horses: pharmacokinetics and safety study

Tamoxifen (TAM), a selective modulator of estrogen receptors (SERMs) has been recently explored as a therapeutic option for the oral treatment of airway inflammation in the horse. The objective of this work wa...

Authors: Gonzalo Gajardo, Rodrigo López-Muñoz, Anita Plaza, Benjamin Uberti, José Sarmiento, Gabriel Morán and Claudio Henríquez

Ivermectin treatment failure on four Irish dairy farms

We report on the use of the faecal egg count reduction test to evaluate the performance of ivermectin in treating gastrointestinal nematode infections in first grazing season (FGS) calves on four dairy farms i...

Authors: James O’Shaughnessy, Yvonne Drought, John Lynch, Marian Denny, Christine Hurley, William Byrne, Mícheál Casey, Theo de Waal and Maresa Sheehan

Can bovine TB be eradicated from the Republic of Ireland? Could this be achieved by 2030?

There has been an ongoing decline in bovine tuberculosis (TB) in the Republic of Ireland, however, TB has yet to be eradicated. Further to a recent commitment by the Irish government to eradicate TB by 2030, t...

Authors: Simon J. More

Cervical vertebral malformations in 9 dogs: radiological findings, treatment options and outcomes

Disregarding atlantoaxial instability in toy breed dogs associated with dens malformation and cervical spondylomyelopathy; cervical vertebral malformations are rare and poorly characterised in veterinary medic...

Authors: Ricardo Fernandes, Noel Fitzpatrick, Clare Rusbridge, Jeremy Rose and Colin J. Driver

Exploring the understanding of best practice approaches to common dog behaviour problems by veterinary professionals in Ireland

Companion animal behaviour problems significantly impact companion animal (and owner) welfare. Veterinary behavioural medicine (VBM) is an emerging discipline and aims to provide evidence-based advice to owner...

Authors: Emma Shalvey, Mark McCorry and Alison Hanlon

Comparative study to evaluate the voluntary acceptance of two liquid oral formulations of ciclosporin in dogs

The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the voluntary acceptance of two oral liquid formulations of ciclosporin, investigational Atopica® oral solution (Elanco Animal Health) and Cyclavance® Ora...

Authors: Srinivas J. Kammanadiminti, Lori A. Carter, Wolfgang Seewald and Kelly P. Doucette

Effects of midazolam on cardiovascular responses and isoflurane requirement during elective ovariohysterectomy in dogs

A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded clinical study was conducted to determine whether a single dose of midazolam affects the cardiovascular response to surgical manipulation of the ovaries d...

Authors: Josephine Kropf and J.M. Lynne Hughes

A radiographic measurement of left atrial size in dogs

The dimensions of the left atrium in cases with mitral regurgitation are an indirect measurement of its severity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the value of a new radiographic measurement, the ra...

Authors: Xavier Sánchez Salguero, David Prandi, Francisco Llabrés-Díaz, Edgar Garcia Manzanilla and Claudio Bussadori

The bovine tuberculosis cluster in north County Sligo during 2014–16

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB, caused by infection with Mycobacterium bovis) is endemic in the Irish cattle population, and the subject of a national eradication programme since the late 1950s. During 2014, a substant...

Authors: Rob Doyle, Tracy A. Clegg, Guy McGrath, Jamie Tratalos, Damien Barrett, Ada Lee and Simon J. More

Development of superficial lung lesions monitored on farm by serial ultrasonographic examination in sheep with lesions confirmed as ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma at necropsy

This ultrasonographic study monitored lesions involving the lung surface suspected to be the early stages of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) tumours over 4 months in commercially farmed sheep. The enlarge...

Authors: P. R. Scott, M. P. Dagleish and C. Cousens

Tamoxifen inhibits chemokinesis in equine neutrophils

Neutrophils are terminally differentiated innate effector cells at the first line of host defense. Neutrophil migration within tissues is complex and involves several steps, during which these cells must be ab...

Authors: Natalia Morales, Claudio Henriquez, Jose Sarmiento, Benjamin Uberti and Gabriel Moran

Effect of l-theanine tablets in reducing stress-related emotional signs in cats: an open-label field study

L-theanine is an aminoacid found in tea leaves which has relaxing effects in humans and animals. It is a structural analogue of glutamate which can bind glutamate receptors. Although the relaxing action of L-t...

Authors: V Dramard, L Kern, J Hofmans, C A Rème, C S Nicolas, V Chala and C Navarro

Association between left-displaced abomasum corrected with 2-step laparoscopic abomasopexy and milk production in a commercial dairy farm in Italy

Left displacement of the abomasum (LDA) is a condition of dairy cows that causes huge economic losses. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of LDA after on-farm correction by the 2-step laparoscopic...

Authors: Filippo Fiore, Daniele Musina, Raffaella Cocco, Alessandro Di Cerbo and Nicoletta Spissu

The evaluation of three treatment protocols using oral prednisone and oral meloxicam for therapy of canine idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis: a pilot study

Idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis (LPR) is a common inflammatory disorder of the nasal cavity in dogs due to unknown etiology. It is characterised by non-specific clinical signs, including nasal discharge,...

Authors: Ewa Kaczmar, Andrzej Rychlik and Marta Szweda

A visual representation of cattle movement in Ireland during 2016

The aim of this study was to create a clear visual representation of the live movements of cattle in the Republic of Ireland over the course of the year 2016. The animation created can be viewed online:

Authors: Guy McGrath, Jamie A. Tratalos and Simon J. More

Selected feline abstracts from the Companion Animal Genetic Health conference 2018 (CAGH 2018): Irish Veterinary Journal

Authors:

Effect of dietary oridonin supplementation on growth performance, gut health, and immune response of broilers infected with Salmonella pullorum

The effects of dietary supplementation of oridonin (ORI) on growth performance, cecal microbiota, epithelium development and antioxidant and immune parameters of broilers infected with S. pullorum were studied. A...

Authors: Qiu Jue Wu, Xiao Chuan Zheng, Tian Wang and Tie Ying Zhang

Evaluation of a coaching workshop for the management of veterinary nursing students’ OSCE-associated test anxiety

High stress levels amongst undergraduates (particularly in relation to assessment) and efforts to improve mental wellbeing have been increasingly reported in the veterinary educational literature. However repo...

Authors: Karen Dunne, Jenny Moffett, Sinead T. Loughran, Vivienne Duggan and Deirdre P. Campion

Key actors in driving behavioural change in relation to on-farm biosecurity; a Northern Ireland perspective

Agriculture and farming are valued contributors to local economy in Northern Ireland (NI). There is limited knowledge about farmers’ behaviours and attitudes towards disease biosecurity measures. As part of a ...

Authors: A. Lahuerta-Marin, M. L. Brennan, G. Finney, M. J. H. O’Hagan and C. Jack

Comparison of three commercial serological tests for the detection of Chlamydia abortus infection in ewes

20.9% of diagnosable abortions in Ireland in 2015 were caused by Chlamydia abortus infection. Abortion usually occurs in the last 2–3 weeks of gestation, and up to 30% of ewes may be affected in naïve flocks. Ser...

Authors: L. M. O’Neill, Á. O’Driscoll and B. Markey